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🌟 Editor's Note
Good morning — it’s Monday, December 15. Today we're diving into the Andromeda, the Bill of Rights, Gallipoli, Gone with the Wind, Schindler's List, the Iraq War ending, and much more — all served up quick, sharp, and pristine!
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🚀 Time Machine
-1256
Hulagu Khan destroys the Assassins’ stronghold at Alamut during the Mongol offensive in Southwest Asia.
-1612
Simon Marius was the first to observe the Andromeda Galaxy through a telescope, describing it as "like a candle at night through a horn".
-1791
The US Bill of Rights becomes the first 10 Amendments to the US Constitution when Virginia ratifies it.
-1840
Napoleon Bonaparte got a French state funeral in Paris 19 years after his death.
-1890
Sitting Bull, the Sioux leader and holy man, was killed by Indian police at the Standing Rock Reservation in South Dakota.
-1925
Madison Square Garden officially opened, becoming one of the world's most famous sporting venues.
-1939
"Gone with the Wind," directed by Victor Fleming and starring Clark Gable and Vivien Leigh, premiered in Atlanta (Best Picture 1940; highest-grossing movie, unadjusted for inflation).
-1973
American Psychiatric Association reverses a century-old decision, stating that homosexuality is neither a mental illness nor a sickness.
-1978
US President Jimmy Carter announces recognition of China and severance of ties with Taiwan.
-1993
Schindler's List, starring Liam Neeson, premiered in theaters and won Steven Spielberg his first Oscar.
-2001
Italy's Leaning Tower of Pisa reopens after experts spent 11 years and $27 million fortifying it without removing its famous lean.
-2011
The Iraq War, which began in 2003 with the American-led invasion of Iraq, officially ended with a ceremony in Baghdad.
📸 Snapshot
The first Academy Awards ceremony at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, 1929
🗨️ Final Words
“I think it better to conclude in good time and in erect bearing a life in which intellectual labour meant the purest joy and personal freedom the highest good on Earth.”